Other types are neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Taking MAOIs can increase tyramine levels in the body. If someone taking an MAOI eats foods with high quantities of tyramine, levels of this chemical in the body can rise dangerously high. The body produces little tyramine, but eating and drinking foods and beverages rich in tyramine will raise its level in the body. High-tyramine foods and drinks include :.
Also, tyramine occurs in higher concentrations in older foodstuffs. For this reason, anyone taking MAOIs should avoid any pickled, fermented, and overripe food.
Combining the two can lead to serotonin syndrome, which involves serotonin levels rising too high. Among the medications that can cause serotonin syndrome, MAOIs cause the more severe and prolonged cases. Serotonin syndrome can be fatal.
For this reason, anyone taking an MAOI who experiences any of the following symptoms should contact a healthcare professional right away.
It is also dangerous to take more of an MAOI than was prescribed or to mix this type of drug with another antidepressant. In addition, doctors warn that anyone who has taken an MAOI the past 10 days should not undergo general anesthesia.
This is to prevent any unwanted interactions between the antidepressant and the anesthetic. MAOIs can cause side effects, and common ones include:. One study describes how antidepressant drugs can increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts, behavior, and related death. The authors of the study report that, in comparison, tricyclic antidepressants TCAs and noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants NaSSAs were very rarely correlated with these factors.
MAOIs should not be taken in combination with other drugs that can increase serotonin levels. Following is a list of drug classes and medicines that should not be taken with MAOIs due to concerns of serotonin syndrome:. A severe increase in blood pressure may occur when there are excess levels of tyramine in the body. Tyramine is a naturally occurring amino acid that helps regulate blood pressure and is also commonly found in certain foods.
The enzyme monoamine oxidase breaks down excess tyramine. Because MAOIs reduce the action of monoamine oxidase, tyramine levels can build up to dangerous levels in the body. This increase in tyramine can lead to a serious spike in blood pressure that may require emergency treatment. All patients should be warned that the following foods and beverages must be avoided while taking MAOIs and for two weeks after discontinuing their use:.
MAOIs should be used with caution, or not at all, for those with the following conditions:. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies regarding the use of MAOIs in pregnant women. A decision to use MAOIs during pregnancy is based on the balance between risk and benefit. Likewise, it is unknown if MAOI drugs are present in human milk or what the effect may be on the nursing infant. Never stop an antidepressant medicine without first talking to a healthcare provider.
Missing several doses of an MAOI in a row or stopping treatment abruptly may cause withdrawal-like symptoms, including the following:. Whenever possible, gradually reduce the dose rather than abruptly stopping the medication. If intolerable symptoms occur following a decrease in the dose or upon discontinuation of treatment, then resuming the previously prescribed dose may be considered.
The healthcare provider may continue decreasing the dose but at a more gradual rate. The following are potential common side effects of MAOIs. This is not an exhaustive list and you should always consult a healthcare professional for professional medical advice before taking MAOIs. Emsam prescribing information. Somerset; Krieger CA expert opinion. Mayo Clinic. Hall-Flavin DK expert opinion. After a flood, are food and medicines safe to use? Alzheimer's: New treatments Alzheimer's Caregiver depression Understanding the difference between dementia types Alzheimer's: Can a head injury increase my risk?
Mediterranean diet Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's disease: Can exercise prevent memory loss? Alzheimer's drugs Alzheimer's genes Alzheimer's nose spray: New Alzheimer's treatment? Alzheimer's or depression: Could it be both?
Alzheimer's prevention: Does it exist? Alzheimer's stages Alzheimer's test: Detection at the earliest stages Ambien: Is dependence a concern? Antidepressant withdrawal: Is there such a thing? Antidepressants and alcohol: What's the concern?
Antidepressants and weight gain: What causes it? Antidepressants: Can they stop working? Antidepressants: Side effects Antidepressants: Selecting one that's right for you Antidepressants: Which cause the fewest sexual side effects? Antiphospholipid syndrome Antidepressants and pregnancy Atypical antidepressants Atypical depression Axona: Medical food to treat Alzheimer's Back pain Bedtime routines: Not just for babies Benefits of being bilingual Binge-eating disorder Blood Basics Borderline personality disorder Breast-feeding and medications Dr.
Wallace Video Parathyroid Caffeine and depression: Is there a link? The role of diet and exercise in preventing Alzheimer's disease Can music help someone with Alzheimer's? Can zinc supplements help treat hidradenitis suppurativa? Can't sleep? Try daytime exercise Hidradenitis suppurativa wound care Celiac disease Celiac disease: Can gluten be absorbed through the skin?
Celiac disease diet: How do I get enough grains? Clinical trials for hidradenitis suppurativa Coconut oil: Can it cure hypothyroidism? Coffee after dinner? Make it decaf Complete blood count CBC Complicated grief Compulsive sexual behavior Concussion Concussion in children Concussion Recovery Concussion Telemedicine Coping with the stress of hidradenitis suppurativa Coping with the emotional ups and downs of psoriatic arthritis COVID and your mental health Creating a hidradenitis suppurativa care team Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Cupping therapy: Can it relieve fibromyalgia pain?
Depression, anxiety and exercise Depression: Diagnosis is key Depression during pregnancy Depression in women: Understanding the gender gap Depression major depressive disorder Depression: Provide support, encouragement Depression: Supporting a family member or friend Diabetes and Alzheimer's Diabetes and depression: Coping with the two conditions Diagnosing Alzheimer's Dissociative disorders Vitamin C and mood Drug addiction substance use disorder Alzheimer's elder care Electroconvulsive therapy ECT Empty nest syndrome Fatigue Fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia and acupuncture Fibromyalgia: Does exercise help or hurt?
Fibromyalgia: Linked to other health problems? Fish oil and depression Folic acid supplements: Can they slow cognitive decline? Foods and sleep Ginkgo biloba: Can it prevent memory loss? Hangovers Hashimoto's disease Headache Hidradenitis suppurativa Hidradenitis suppurativa and biologics: Get the facts Hidradenitis suppurativa and diet: What's recommended?
Hidradenitis suppurativa and sleep: How to get more zzz's Hidradenitis suppurativa: Tips for weight-loss success Hidradenitis suppurativa: What is it? Hidradenitis suppurativa: When does it appear?
Hidradenitis suppurativa: Where can I find support? How opioid addiction occurs How to tell if a loved one is abusing opioids How to use opioids safely Huperzine A: Can it treat Alzheimer's? Hyperparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism Hypothyroidism: Can calcium supplements interfere with treatment? Hypothyroidism diet Hypothyroidism and joint pain? Hypothyroidism: Should I take iodine supplements? Hypothyroidism symptoms: Can hypothyroidism cause eye problems? Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect.
Mental Health. Medically reviewed by Alan Carter, Pharm. How do MAOIs work? Understanding monoamine oxidase. Tyramine and foods to avoid. Other precautions. Types of MAOIs. Side effects of MAOIs. MAOIs and suicide risk. The takeaway. Read this next. Combination Medication Therapies for Depression.
Medically reviewed by Femi Aremu, PharmD. Medically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, Ph. Herbs and Supplements for Diabetes.
0コメント